xmrchain.net & Explore.Moneroworld.com

(no javascript - no cookies - no web analytics trackers - no images - open sourced)

Solo mine on your own blockchain to support the monero network!

Public Node Directory || Monero Block Frequency Tool || Monero Website || Make Monero Better!

Monero Testnet Explorer || Monero Stagenet Explorer

i2p links: exchanged.i2p , Local Monero (lm.i2p)

Why so ugly? Monero FAQ

Moneroblocks Explorer || Monerohash explorer || Map of Monero Network

For a pretty version of this explorer with javascript || A note on/for services

NOTE: This explorer actively tests beta software in production. If it crashes, hooray! We found a bug! Please find a backup explorer for these instances.

The most up to date software for Monero are version: CLI v0.18.3.3, GUI v0.18.3.3

If you need to use a remote node, you should set up your own. Good guide for setting up a remote node.

High Fee Bug. Remote nodes can increase your tx fees. Double check before sending. Run your own node.

Autorefresh is OFF

Tx hash: c6bb6b129d9c543845c6f4dcea7037f2c5d2e5d31bc1a7606478833771ad0265

Tx prefix hash: 6fdf25a9f190fa6f368dc83a6e4890cd6d3b05a74f70b1d4f0586ef354c0fad4
Tx public key: 1d2952f2b8e1ef76b48981132bf16648052a1ed28c14260f7d4ea8ad07abb6ba
Payment id (encrypted): 3a33c0b8c7172e12
Timestamp: 1631719226 Timestamp [UTC]: 2021-09-15 15:20:26 Age [y:d:h:m:s]: 02:236:09:38:15
Block: 2450010 Fee (per_kB): 0.000048880000 (0.000008997505) Tx size: 5.4326 kB
Tx version: 2 No of confirmations: 694781 RingCT/type: yes/5
Extra: 011d2952f2b8e1ef76b48981132bf16648052a1ed28c14260f7d4ea8ad07abb6ba0209013a33c0b8c7172e12

2 output(s) for total of ? xmr

stealth address amount amount idx tag
00: f5d7a73d99932e8a986ee4300554e35ce4ac7db19623be41f793b0d2ef9b5ac0 ? 38915790 of 100697608 -
01: b8454438e877d9c2a05e9f3751ed4ce36e229d3b782fded650872e939283dc2d ? 38915791 of 100697608 -

Check which outputs belong to given Monero address/subaddress and viewkey

For RingCT transactions, outputs' amounts are also decoded
Note: address/subaddress and viewkey are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Prove to someone that you have sent them Monero in this transaction

Tx private key can be obtained using get_tx_key command in monero-wallet-cli command line tool
Note: address/subaddress and tx private key are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Inputs' ring size time scale (from 2019-12-07 13:34:58 till 2021-09-15 15:02:02; resolution: 3.81 days)

  • |________________________________*_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_**|
  • |____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_**_*|
  • |______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*__________*_*___***|
  • |_*___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_________***|
  • |____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*__________________***|
  • |__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_____**|
  • |______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*__________*_____*_______________________*_*|
  • |______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*__*|
  • |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_______________*______________*_**|

9 input(s) for total of ? xmr

key image 00: de476e405a5960e5dd84823660a349d8f0c41e57b0df5f9ae68e14f1f094479e amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 95fe2dd59acd212e730efb00d4cb3a9d38c756923a373565b2cfe248ecb3ed1f 02069585 11 1/2 2020-04-04 21:33:31 04:035:03:25:10
- 01: 515fbe6dcdbca1014cafb7468b9905c0dccb964f14e9947a8afde851a044a775 02440716 11 2/16 2021-09-02 17:30:39 02:249:07:28:02
- 02: 21908ae84a9d99180b32c22cc13a6eeab4cb7a52769b5699f1838b2f83cef468 02445322 0 0/1 2021-09-09 00:57:44 02:243:00:00:57
- 03: b39c38b7734ec899b18c2833609fa0b4ca18dd61ec1a69eb07c8a77d6b420ba5 02448039 11 194/2 2021-09-12 21:13:02 02:239:03:45:39
- 04: bf9ce97f78c4fd8727d528e8ff253b8b377b74990e9746051b33e481f2231f22 02448383 11 2/4 2021-09-13 09:22:54 02:238:15:35:47
- 05: 342b5b9c207ede3ddb3b86f7d83d572248093f431414db51cfad51e41a3fb3c9 02449494 0 0/1 2021-09-14 21:07:31 02:237:03:51:10
- 06: 8068f45e7b4ce27e2bc719d3cd7b44d420ae0a54c7f1973eee5a769fcccb8647 02449595 11 1/2 2021-09-15 00:04:55 02:237:00:53:46
- 07: 12cdb973de6c34b20fe3bb840bb613547913cbacdf5d8ce5335348b6e3774c8a 02449774 11 1/2 2021-09-15 06:22:53 02:236:18:35:48
- 08: 75784091448168a08422677d0984d1178a15ccc4428500477ec7ab8b83e95de0 02449829 11 1/2 2021-09-15 08:19:54 02:236:16:38:47
- 09: 335dee6778cb560bf5d0a91fb1e9d2f8620e8d6a0a658beef74f2f492752b93a 02449876 11 2/2 2021-09-15 09:57:08 02:236:15:01:33
- 10: 1a2612df3759cff08dc7c2943c0cd1305985532e198ac1687c52e7224d1f61c6 02449928 11 1/2 2021-09-15 12:11:47 02:236:12:46:54
key image 01: ddc1dceb92de05c1146fa02e542dc9b43614c5dbd9958a25f0af9675948fc8e6 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: dd8a583ef7ee9a13b3eaeb5537a7ad83e21aac27d6a5f829a8b0076176c83e63 02434640 11 2/2 2021-08-25 05:54:35 02:257:19:04:06
- 01: ead8393eb680e3cb9c28893f61bd8ffa67990456619a5003c9659eb9b760607f 02441055 11 2/2 2021-09-03 03:33:10 02:248:21:25:31
- 02: 9c54b846d8dd2cc5bcd778d68fb13c831c6a429c72cec5693971307389098047 02442217 11 2/7 2021-09-04 17:45:35 02:247:07:13:06
- 03: 80a0f50dd36d93a8df88a2900f863cb3f1adbc7be36ad67d80cc0bfe3821d981 02443570 11 2/5 2021-09-06 17:08:50 02:245:07:49:51
- 04: 43fb99d00f2e1ed055734f0483b2cb9bcd081e95a52cc628bd454da4b940d5e5 02448735 11 2/2 2021-09-13 20:44:33 02:238:04:14:08
- 05: 5456f6023fe66513eadb874d6b89724d2c2a757344cb544a65df090092064ecf 02449765 11 1/2 2021-09-15 05:55:37 02:236:19:03:04
- 06: 9f137a7c06afc325f938e84d4d23c22eac68146af33f608bf3e5a92deed50f39 02449808 11 1/2 2021-09-15 07:35:22 02:236:17:23:19
- 07: dfe9feb3dc4b9ba5e8bca24717a49b0254ade0bb5fc284df933dd95f40de9a68 02449838 11 1/2 2021-09-15 08:35:09 02:236:16:23:32
- 08: 9018735a2b3406c3551794f1174a1a70e93662d6053c842ca522125c2dcbafec 02449911 11 1/2 2021-09-15 11:39:02 02:236:13:19:39
- 09: 7ebb196ba1ffe494ed611ad36eeddcff99526e7177d4e730835057951531108e 02449951 11 1/2 2021-09-15 13:11:48 02:236:11:46:53
- 10: eeae657177db126f4adbc06ba6c2ac815ea54c9eaad041a4039562bfba235629 02449968 11 1/16 2021-09-15 13:57:14 02:236:11:01:27
key image 02: d6c1f04dbda5feed19bef9f5c677f9038399f6d7d8b97147f1b25030a7b267e0 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 557910a7f4877714580f146d7ae7eb9a7337afa5da6d391a515fe3bc74a01f45 02396783 11 1/2 2021-07-03 15:49:03 02:310:09:09:38
- 01: 407eb999d0330e5b5d9e8d605a83defb3aaf845c7b0eacef2f924395e8711897 02427197 11 2/2 2021-08-14 21:29:55 02:268:03:28:46
- 02: c931b3ee5dbb84f5e82fa3409fe2b13eada7d0686de2f357e05557263e0f0831 02432715 11 2/2 2021-08-22 14:25:48 02:260:10:32:53
- 03: b5a133440f6d0ed0e3a00be6935e9eb6c9c0b2cb2ba2091c75bb841ba184ff15 02442602 0 0/10 2021-09-05 06:39:43 02:246:18:18:58
- 04: b6edfa2307598cd70740a228f257c54ae567916a625fa5cadde5886e86e559a4 02443081 11 2/2 2021-09-05 22:49:23 02:246:02:09:18
- 05: 5d6720dbc51709ab7c244526746665d0474c85c3535c37d73b727579ccb65df4 02444194 11 2/16 2021-09-07 12:59:15 02:244:11:59:26
- 06: 8d690e3e1511cc101c63a20b514eec00861087cdbeb52d90ddaaf34f87a6ec5e 02445335 11 2/3 2021-09-09 01:18:37 02:242:23:40:04
- 07: 5d32147058efb3e357fe6f4e5a6ee570165f567f735bc487ce602c1c1cdb4b0b 02449121 11 2/2 2021-09-14 09:15:45 02:237:15:42:56
- 08: ce5d8a8fb304498f70a71ff2ca4e57ded8976d355afb97d10f1e145c84fc0f41 02449591 11 2/2 2021-09-14 23:58:07 02:237:01:00:34
- 09: 13a137fde2a3fbc4002399e412590ec88c2517843e5a7fec0ce76dd423f5ce6e 02449664 11 2/2 2021-09-15 02:19:06 02:236:22:39:35
- 10: 1d8a302c6afd7482839e5ad2d32cfac2455b987bbae0153fe3bcec0abc87bbf2 02449666 11 2/2 2021-09-15 02:21:57 02:236:22:36:44
key image 03: c649c5208ac0125a6fb63102cbfe439c7db45bf7ce2e8b3bc672c7935b83e264 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: bb1bc09219c86c83e85483e2cc39b92e8664199d3f4f7ec776e4cb98197b22f3 01983724 11 2/2 2019-12-07 14:34:58 04:154:10:23:43
- 01: ae0c85c6a3f6968b0c8a207175bfbf4eb3e69ae59a9be955730bc3dba2048a17 02416538 11 2/2 2021-07-31 03:14:18 02:282:21:44:23
- 02: 84460051e3f20ae92b0d299e349dcf6b9604c7fabf2f9db04a0f5694befccaed 02441925 11 1/2 2021-09-04 08:09:59 02:247:16:48:42
- 03: 0dce9dd3f7a06baa22d671342a6099d291890354d421fcfb4029d181386110d6 02445136 11 2/16 2021-09-08 19:26:38 02:243:05:32:03
- 04: f20e7027670806edf02270ec8231d2077ce4e112fc076ae80214b0aabc9a03d0 02448458 11 1/2 2021-09-13 12:29:54 02:238:12:28:47
- 05: b21b1bae929436d4f6d71e2f173ae10943098a08305270b02286666a4e4a2486 02448865 11 1/2 2021-09-14 01:08:00 02:237:23:50:41
- 06: 12971d06cab3982c69d2bfec9fd38fb19d6529c5f9d578d520e2ee6980837ad5 02449555 11 1/2 2021-09-14 23:02:45 02:237:01:55:56
- 07: 7aa353ce33a7cb0193d6e2d7f98e7b1e9e1cd919c2d82780cc614a31d2f73d55 02449790 11 3/2 2021-09-15 07:12:17 02:236:17:46:24
- 08: 8c927b3dc1929dab46419c4690c2e019b0501d8560cc34c5a9a7fa6924580624 02449816 11 2/2 2021-09-15 07:48:24 02:236:17:10:17
- 09: 731f6c454492d50998b4cfaaec71cda57f0ab598ab4a43f3d06fbf85e7dc8a8d 02449820 11 2/2 2021-09-15 07:56:04 02:236:17:02:37
- 10: 89bf20886ad65c177e12e42c4bc4b6316a2474e0324fed6c29b3884b73f90d55 02449887 11 2/2 2021-09-15 10:42:26 02:236:14:16:15
key image 04: 9fb715c2da1a59d55a91fb82304cee13cf6b1c78c3a9d4c7b2d50eff60bc80a5 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: c0b5b947380f14b5bef81922d4ebc8fb015d5a732e63d823e70cde02a9b2413c 02389627 11 2/2 2021-06-23 17:47:48 02:320:07:10:53
- 01: 6cef94099f311784dfd7d93148cc3f85e26414ea4f0372ee8e847cd229bb2312 02442120 11 2/16 2021-09-04 15:00:59 02:247:09:57:42
- 02: 41bb0659c209a33cfa22491a03df4e0147eb2c98158dc6c4cc6e61a90d8e0d3b 02446637 11 2/2 2021-09-10 21:44:41 02:241:03:14:00
- 03: f36b09a196655aa9df55e2c18935510d9697b1fc67993e24d95f0a09d23233ec 02448865 11 2/2 2021-09-14 01:08:00 02:237:23:50:41
- 04: df5a6802f055a2a6823bbda7ab37bbdf45085327c06e47585ef25b16a8a390c2 02449006 11 2/2 2021-09-14 05:18:49 02:237:19:39:52
- 05: 7c7573837366043a1ca24ae535647a5677b5916426bed1b5613c9d2789ab6d88 02449399 11 2/2 2021-09-14 18:17:10 02:237:06:41:31
- 06: 2993132aa8642fab25a0d00dda20dd590d9c6f473238d6e5a992809d0dc1842e 02449416 11 1/2 2021-09-14 19:01:05 02:237:05:57:36
- 07: 278d5fdcb875b4f7d42dd1ef3e7ecd45b5684a8a9e186b8f31dec977df050f7c 02449575 11 4/16 2021-09-14 23:33:32 02:237:01:25:09
- 08: 0093c3e8dfab44539b839c0c1b170079234adc795d99947cf234cea2f66f65c4 02449579 11 1/2 2021-09-14 23:38:59 02:237:01:19:42
- 09: d54d35b0db9f6a316a912ec7f403bbb3f0e8b74787a5c87e07af3688f08a22be 02449609 11 1/2 2021-09-15 00:39:46 02:237:00:18:55
- 10: 695d9fc5a5e7770cad516588645908350e7c41c3cd147ae8dacdec73f10df50d 02449943 11 1/2 2021-09-15 12:56:50 02:236:12:01:51
key image 05: 842d5ad6bac4619e350b92003d44335d90088ac0084fa0600c9a4c3670b7adc5 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 3f91529aac8cf22fc7e724c8a0e1b371e5fcfe82584423c225a04b3869edc641 02429296 11 2/2 2021-08-17 20:14:53 02:265:04:43:48
- 01: 6439ca8b73f8a1c2d17b3e8688d732d64939d5367be883f80345c7f9677766ba 02445924 0 0/1 2021-09-09 23:20:35 02:242:01:38:06
- 02: c3665016acc04f27682a10f2c62cc392c8f5d5a64af0d31c34bc0c458d45897c 02448055 11 2/2 2021-09-12 21:52:23 02:239:03:06:18
- 03: fd6866bfd106cedcde95e39eec27e010d0513d368ca9ba653db7e7f883444083 02448976 11 2/16 2021-09-14 04:19:17 02:237:20:39:24
- 04: 6e936c2056652efc5ca46fc4a8054b0e416fd62c48651f2caff4c79f1f3af107 02449057 11 2/2 2021-09-14 07:09:36 02:237:17:49:05
- 05: c6e140ecbf939bf196c6fcf912c9be41850e95b77f92aa18f0b9a80ad8610e72 02449358 11 1/16 2021-09-14 17:22:31 02:237:07:36:10
- 06: 72ab5a11193fc5d2780e2e9108d197ccfb7ce70de03158023d123dde01efd8c3 02449512 11 1/2 2021-09-14 21:37:52 02:237:03:20:49
- 07: 101115f3324ab0b54ef7c331276ddd9bf106349b34e51b3bff164f3d8b1e0eeb 02449570 11 2/2 2021-09-14 23:31:39 02:237:01:27:02
- 08: 28cb490dcaf992d649ee8f82492ab4b39833c98b66f24551b1de8d1735f95627 02449601 11 2/2 2021-09-15 00:10:45 02:237:00:47:56
- 09: c213bf7831e997b585d9c44b0c2c48f5451c498eb62f4dd0e8487c5ebe873dc8 02449862 11 1/2 2021-09-15 09:26:24 02:236:15:32:17
- 10: 47692e3b94093dd5da47730bc87fc4c45ddc8a1ce264b269ce18b91f0ac7d40c 02449924 11 1/2 2021-09-15 12:01:25 02:236:12:57:16
key image 06: 6bef0a5f9686e6084b912d8d311dc0d3ef8fc17f00bda5e56aba41f7120118f9 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: c61c96e611e9ab1059176e4b5d7aaf558747a7892dd48cc7eb6c90de7d35463a 02330972 11 1/2 2021-04-03 05:28:51 03:036:19:29:50
- 01: c33cc8625cd7818d5ac0eb18149b9412e3d558cde1112b41232ec0adf3509a89 02359512 11 1/2 2021-05-12 20:45:54 02:362:04:12:47
- 02: ac4a98d1828e8f985dfb2552dcafff4af810fe8540a3033299079f3053006a5d 02376714 11 2/2 2021-06-05 18:42:51 02:338:06:15:50
- 03: a7f0687a48c40b08fd6411483ecb124205ba9888a1666a73108ee710c70f4884 02442573 11 2/2 2021-09-05 05:46:30 02:246:19:12:11
- 04: 7b561e957dc2e75be8fe9e48d1775c529ec3a715e15b78df5a0d23d7e3bb09f8 02443199 11 2/16 2021-09-06 02:55:48 02:245:22:02:53
- 05: e298127460b2ff9dc524990c1065e96a69f188fcab07be8b61e6613b4ecf4a78 02448796 11 1/2 2021-09-13 22:22:52 02:238:02:35:49
- 06: c98f84205d22a8a0d1735112e94d5f7fbbdf615733ce8f41c882ef64eef807dc 02449239 11 2/11 2021-09-14 14:07:59 02:237:10:50:42
- 07: d09a7c1c83903f55dae05bbb3e4049e19d4fbc31b61163cbee7ef6acf8df9a84 02449285 11 3/2 2021-09-14 15:27:04 02:237:09:31:37
- 08: d8dcdb2d15ba0f51cd0fd9ee026766e771a68e1c50fd35fd75012c05aeaeaed4 02449559 11 2/2 2021-09-14 23:11:51 02:237:01:46:50
- 09: 08d8741dcb0e632fddf500328a905295f8fcfc70d40fbf29598482486dfd5ad6 02449646 11 1/3 2021-09-15 01:45:36 02:236:23:13:05
- 10: f36ffb603f2e3a722b823aee3ff1f2296eedef961acccdd8020e9126c20799f1 02449747 11 2/2 2021-09-15 05:15:44 02:236:19:42:57
key image 07: 66115da89595cef938b9fa9e48d863ab80364e69536fd65a94c89eb7a194763b amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: f3a108c5d8f905e9e1f172787282faa11d6c2f2851ac60efe32957859054e288 02440075 11 1/2 2021-09-01 19:59:05 02:250:04:59:36
- 01: 2ba8d69c7444ff08ed091fbcc726dfc220cbd76e0d8e1cc81a4170110a5aa58e 02447281 11 1/16 2021-09-11 19:44:10 02:240:05:14:31
- 02: 133262771c9e5680b64c2a508e3be8fdbac4af7522c46368b57da437d4c34a68 02448895 0 0/1 2021-09-14 02:06:17 02:237:22:52:24
- 03: 6fe19c19dfa89d0b3d6308bc54437f88e27be6f2bf5423ae1773ed77bbbcfaa3 02449201 11 1/3 2021-09-14 12:53:27 02:237:12:05:14
- 04: dd0c2f56e5423de0755e9a0ed67839e231a84e7276f07d55a516faf9a8b38d01 02449241 11 1/2 2021-09-14 14:11:25 02:237:10:47:16
- 05: 1e25847dca89835d010edc8b533b80e67d5643dc5a6b0704d388ebb583a9304f 02449720 11 2/8 2021-09-15 04:18:28 02:236:20:40:13
- 06: 042590f2644ccba8e1c5b0a25f5c680fc43f6fd48ebf5bfb7c010e6f1879f4e9 02449836 11 1/2 2021-09-15 08:29:41 02:236:16:29:00
- 07: 069a7f7f189374515c1b9a05843191d57c8d7dd7617d7330b9f1d3f755d76c75 02449898 11 1/2 2021-09-15 11:18:46 02:236:13:39:55
- 08: eb091a3ba80fbf693c63e8cd2afb21e7da4d16e46b9c212c57067813b8c16d38 02449920 11 1/2 2021-09-15 11:57:42 02:236:13:00:59
- 09: 2eb24b957e439e9f317df334ba3775fa06973ec593a17fe91436ca6874a6d54d 02449957 11 1/2 2021-09-15 13:24:32 02:236:11:34:09
- 10: d327435b7f430e250c017c78f88e2de1badc676ae893ff175b90275e6912d722 02449970 11 1/2 2021-09-15 14:02:02 02:236:10:56:39
key image 08: 55d909041364ad1f7ad9be7a9cc603693a7b6ba767a4ece12f2427f8d54d7db9 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 05e3136eaf542011deffaac548a5fdde968baa5c86da040f96c8bc9c0402f5d4 02353603 11 1/2 2021-05-04 16:05:27 03:005:08:53:14
- 01: 75df58ba2422a8f1f15f342dd249396fffba8ef4e725d6ebddb5835f477107d4 02398832 11 1/16 2021-07-06 12:20:47 02:307:12:37:54
- 02: d1429b7bfab09492d5e6065d06dc4e09cb6300ad1eb43028f60fcadd1d15c2a4 02439819 11 1/2 2021-09-01 11:10:02 02:250:13:48:39
- 03: f7d76953d8016ec41abbb02ff4a980bbd2f9a7934f2eb5ce97bc00d3e280c0bb 02446344 11 1/16 2021-09-10 13:15:57 02:241:11:42:44
- 04: 298f8f4013b3021f6f81a6f42540cd45f2f7ec778bd9601781ce392588628897 02446814 11 2/2 2021-09-11 03:53:47 02:240:21:04:54
- 05: 7140cdfd8b84b065c65378ec0325e8814e31d56401775bd2fe23ea5ce3df1014 02447298 11 1/2 2021-09-11 20:08:56 02:240:04:49:45
- 06: 81ad293456056bb508198387c039995f62d6f98f72cbe71abcc2de6a8ff702af 02448206 11 2/4 2021-09-13 02:43:15 02:238:22:15:26
- 07: 412fd6a73baef7cb88a9fbf0cc3f40a154e4bd058a7c845271099c66a5fea4b4 02448829 11 2/2 2021-09-13 23:34:52 02:238:01:23:49
- 08: 4125221bf1281b57b987a89e85c64c146140b2e9cf00bb9264bd5115589c5abd 02449361 11 2/2 2021-09-14 17:27:51 02:237:07:30:50
- 09: b58e5bafa2ef9453b8ad8e4127d202420207ad533046a92ce3e8e08acb0031fd 02449412 11 1/2 2021-09-14 18:52:35 02:237:06:06:06
- 10: 8e81b95b8a6daf37d25ad50b4fc88b710393f3f34750ea3ad1a8689f021db45c 02449593 11 1/16 2021-09-15 00:04:08 02:237:00:54:33
More details
source code | explorer version (api): master-2024-03-03-26331e6 (1.2)