xmrchain.net & Explore.Moneroworld.com

(no javascript - no cookies - no web analytics trackers - no images - open sourced)

Solo mine on your own blockchain to support the monero network!

Public Node Directory || Monero Block Frequency Tool || Monero Website || Make Monero Better!

Monero Testnet Explorer || Monero Stagenet Explorer

i2p links: exchanged.i2p , Local Monero (lm.i2p)

Why so ugly? Monero FAQ

Moneroblocks Explorer || Monerohash explorer || Map of Monero Network

For a pretty version of this explorer with javascript || A note on/for services

NOTE: This explorer actively tests beta software in production. If it crashes, hooray! We found a bug! Please find a backup explorer for these instances.

The most up to date software for Monero are version: CLI v0.18.3.3, GUI v0.18.3.3

If you need to use a remote node, you should set up your own. Good guide for setting up a remote node.

High Fee Bug. Remote nodes can increase your tx fees. Double check before sending. Run your own node.

Block hash (height): 3dc2c5beffdd8011e025386ec829c49d55e737d4bb299b2db525b58dbcabea2f (2684815)

Previous block: 8cf00347e57feafc609dfee9304df9e386ef5a33019dd11208141dbeb44e409f
Next block: 2ccab9ead8cfb4213e09ca9dce96922904ed6128e24c043ad79c44db60f495c7
Timestamp [UTC] (epoch):2022-08-08 03:26:21 (1659929181) Age [y:d:h:m:s]:01:277:20:46:01 Δ [h:m:s]:00:06:03
Major.minor version:14.16 Block reward:0.599998 Block size [kB]:293.4395
nonce:132459 Total fees:0.001796 No of txs:158
PoW hash:5b7dc517f88e53f335ab064c598638d7bc380766d7a4df27db802e0000000000 Difficulty:294162790244

Miner reward transaction

hash outputs size [kB] version
848aa171a1c91df78585f182a04463b1e010ad81837c170c108c64f2f4ef6c6e 0.601794 4.7051 2

Transactions (158)

hash outputs fee [µɱ] in/out size [kB] version
eb639734c60e3f5a5310631f21fe605da9376e9f57d542b0f3932aecde93b8b3 ? 0197 2/2 1.9238 2
94d2c72d6a0daf35a5285e4a078272e0bc137ed89ad24a6f1e84044b07b7bc87 ? 0054 1/2 1.4238 2
4ff177b15d5bddb0b294e0fadd5e55d9a1fa893bb24dc41bfec56298e3ea25d3 ? 0046 1/2 1.4219 2
9128394551948faf9b4d04f2fe447d881ef45951099c7e5efdd17a3926177a96 ? 0031 1/2 1.4170 2
f97ed8800d17ff471c08fcdf360e78b000b53b8413f49dd56b140f43b7d14281 ? 0031 1/2 1.4189 2
a6ac6b215fef01302cd9cff27536c33bcf9ef22681f9bec6016371a5af05a6f9 ? 0039 2/2 1.9219 2
60c023882a0e9d54ab0310c91297d773f4bb1f55292aaf5af44cab3b4fea54d8 ? 0039 2/2 1.9180 2
62b4c3624402f1acea651f4299816968e49df82ea139f164c2909e79e4e68084 ? 0029 1/2 1.4180 2
5405b182183c26b60e40a2f0721bf6d7ec90a5872a724278c68d5054e39d163a ? 0029 1/2 1.4248 2
686b09b9f61554591812fa2b626a5caf7707f8f5867e7016da774c7f5753952f ? 0039 2/2 1.9248 2
7da119563e4a8cad939fae7ccd57a1c47378e6b8722fcb3c5b2eedebc77764a6 ? 0029 1/2 1.4219 2
e731951896d5c926b676bce761f39561d8849de89c8829a36222deddc7e17b70 ? 0029 1/2 1.4209 2
b46691111f60ad08433394d13219b4d3aff0153ce1f8912eb0e45c7c4ac086f6 ? 0039 2/2 1.9219 2
93e60e26a1b36790450035abe78a9eac88d17206c8b5eabf54726fa33635cb06 ? 0039 2/2 1.9199 2
4877a3ca34eb09d6e974c8ae5820b2cba2a8c15d857023987b02ab9faef40494 ? 0044 1/3 1.6406 2
16d3d770c3330ffdb0b26fb0654e36bfcfde9d366fe9125ad2bbfdd87f265be7 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
b27b7c1b83fe3745f31be124d42b9a60d58d27871819d0081f529a3676dc4054 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
1251ee5395a3363e4333219983cd5299573bc9da352a46a770300f1d95b5becf ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
4ced4f5492a23ca439a41b3bc78bb26ceea4ca09e76fe7ea3923537c48cd9be6 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
3cbd545294563318ff8ffcd9a4bcb46c0a23a9d199e9d401c629b33951ca18fd ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
c8db3ab76a5b54ac76c9acd5fb9bd0e1e66a6f5e5953c03ec85364324290124d ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
40ffa17f632b11c2d59207bda684dbe1dcdca86f6c5a20d4fa54477c4fe9b277 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
6eb00dff6a40f61398ece28357f8ac064852ca9e0d588f722620a9a267288888 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
e945df5085df51b200b8a3f6e498f768d62c0daf70d29e5bec48e32c99a5ecd0 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
04be425ac53011d9964d5f7ce81f24cfc6b1138ad2820590c7f8bff0652fe0c3 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
f84196edf6bfbc85e283223dee4ff00f78613d60cfbc2527f2b4501108a8db00 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
f28692f59cb59c9204bb54f433ec8afc61682797b891721ec6ce3a10b6433964 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
0c59ed993f6ad5322cfa0379ad36249a5fd7a6bb3ec45770d7a71e64f106cd53 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
434026475157dac19c4f562f0be74108ba08b1ad4ea5872a7f730cd2cfc53fe4 ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
f88daf4d6281aae80da3d2e8c5d1c8838b009c27bc38393dec8592ec628247ae ? 0006 1/2 1.4189 2
3b64b829f67c3d2a9ebf47dda41dece0a84fb0d6c77dbb8eab44af7415fc0214 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
55acd615dcc255930236be3bb5870ec3b56673af38ca798bf7fc0cb56b1c46a4 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
02e3158c8bcf0489b22472dd94e3e0b766462054754f8a2feeb7f9e6326eb813 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
61f5d381e18f3a613da6409ce04fb34407a464cd3f150564205b58fe98169e59 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
f82d428a5603879efae37790ba288eea9d99e329d6b80b531086192ec86df1f1 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
61c03d731b83f59fca8a71cd6805bcdee2985ff592c1a7661bd60b2d29ad2b05 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
9a4b2f1da8d4c574ef2903aadd7c4c62b752fd42205d2f676db3df1989b16554 ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
eb79945f40f79871496e5f153467bf43974a04172a29910aa504f49da0c5c5da ? 0006 1/2 1.4238 2
a783e028da2ac413860141bf1405deb4b9a46e099ef7f94eb6d703d319b7c1d9 ? 0006 1/2 1.4170 2
1a2cbe5338f3a6e0353c54ac46ff56008726daa20da04b7ca85355159fa9c6c8 ? 0006 1/2 1.4170 2
b9db7ee7d6d254c45f7816b22d8d7a7cf967f07305454a741d92de3173f6642c ? 0006 1/2 1.4170 2
1f84de5c941e63890ebbc0b2bded7f105c184b5a981f6ad0c4a3595ac027c33b ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
f884959251e8927f25a532018e31e1f51ff912d5e99defa057a9e37d812d4fbf ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
cd9ab01e4000ca3a3e11267b3a75d9e4679c0ee2d2bca778fe210c8caa324322 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
10a47e4e5adf3eb0516995c1c086e793c75a7036ebc60d42f1526d8f995ce89c ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
29cf2c062125d3a2cb695677e4a6bd902fbe95374c7bab7c89f3ff50cd6c8dd8 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
066536640b08e2cb20647438466d9ed118790bbc2a6c7ba098e9a350968c87cf ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
c81d849d552e9b1f4f2ccff6394232ed98834448d982e3a664060f2323b54fab ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
5e67a2dfaf465c8c4dce88e9ee752f48ed79fbf3d06e4015db940c4c02f14bd5 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
ac4f2faedf9e494eaf87639d9a9c2fd53709c0a86d1c200b78ce58bac64e783e ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
fee732973dbc63b9796b63ca51f93a3fb373392210dd30936604da63c716ae8c ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
e5577b808ac6fc9a2536ff08117efb6fcc8af7545e2546b37abad35d1e9ca3a0 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
7b670500c33122422a9747bd04456a07b3cdb158f86145151097fba22d697756 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
0d9530ab8e886a88ed8b5d85e16bcbae15c127ec00509b65b71860788066c86a ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
9be49218e0187a1d2d047f793c1bcbbc58f5248e5e62618dcd0b7effcb59ee80 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
908c1a024a5a38b29753ad0c44fea2e814e614d59131fcb3c431711f389e2542 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
bd9ee4e1ec7ffef5d63f5b767a9b736ba3084926d27cd6b0388643cf0fd88f40 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
bb283e6942492702447714dc4c2dec0414d236bf47553d6519bddfac0dac7fca ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
9c83cef14be6e5d6f5b083d7f190e5769954a83a33898d47fc1baa59ac30afcd ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
8a186d6488b42a5c5b22187aa97008be4489fbceb691e3a39c32c6447fe7cfd9 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
de3e5d2e4762d5d4e6898b3553db7a1f8c04e572668eb1f3d0fd7c04e9a04c5d ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
db0590847f2e4ae115f116579e2b959ad331781bc1c9823731817d51550e6f00 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
991f534aa7229440b4dfdf5ed55706f9d5b74b8c5eafbd45ba71b65de38b9f77 ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
b00b05da278c10f855ba6407d6294ae804ac009d3c2d19eeb063f14c8d677dfe ? 0006 1/2 1.4219 2
8ecede000ce2ba5ceaec4c052135e0035336d130e2c9630d3e33c440a6356163 ? 0008 2/2 1.9219 2
685579f3216183eb0d8ddd31cca1e96df75d35afd8478dd99de1f7759697fd45 ? 0008 2/2 1.9219 2
2fa80f7c51fea180ff6f554dba33109ebe892cd35daa3c93a7b8117224b62678 ? 0008 2/2 1.9219 2
76ec2733230da668d84d47255304272c07ab1796c69a207cb066b61afb98b988 ? 0008 2/2 1.9219 2
2a35d24579087464c39a831f0cda5674c66d7facc935647afe6f4dc75c4e1c9f ? 0008 2/2 1.9268 2
15521863c93c9b197d7b15dc785cfee7ca0c5ee21fb7c182eb574d959db2b3a1 ? 0008 2/2 1.9268 2
3b7856c163a2b956e6ecbfe011535822c9e18cac7af6cad42f600008c0c170e1 ? 0008 2/2 1.9268 2
a264117789ffbd1ae67a94ab0cba801801beac219a7639eab6bbd356f551c620 ? 0008 2/2 1.9199 2
02172c0de5e623c3db8405a2b545da33fe2a721a57fd99342dc548ac6a5324c2 ? 0008 2/2 1.9199 2
b5e997ccc3f228e2cceb9e734007803201104fba4574914a421b4b04bb957a3c ? 0008 2/2 1.9199 2
d43d116bc90f0da00daaca770746bbe0fbddcbbbc25dd2a4eebd36bd9f7a02eb ? 0008 2/2 1.9199 2
7ecbece71ea25f33e1435a428a5efd78bbd4440ff77225a813782c506a6d7079 ? 0008 2/2 1.9248 2
5e050a316144824fa4442a0641a1a1c46564d82c493940c56b89bb3b46d76654 ? 0008 2/2 1.9248 2
73533dd5b638cac67e58805ef3b06a584878179048da108d73e98e5a18171b6a ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
b3f7c2fcf1e3196121cabd6fcd8ebd4c4b3c2589c1a6a080b78e0dd7c58b289d ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
7ce5f2bc66723a39e52ab25246de52e65af21c422fa686bdaa3d2c73e62a141e ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
963d9efb70d7da7a050ccbadf245a837380cd8bc0a1c89561089c56cce3a306c ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
1ef313b98d9c58b53c2b754526298c432551170feb0f94fe587704bbd732ef9c ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
085db83cc2391ad159ec25e41724c2f284bbed1747cc8f2a9a16b85eb63f4358 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
118538de4371dfd7a5ef24818dda097d2b4366f94d0c01b9d4fce187083a1987 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
48f1cc523db36442e9854ed99de11e249492be0205d6dbad97bd3ee93910118f ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
6e48e2c0b0973781d6fc2ec99f629d3ff13845a81fa5845ed085dc7d91e4fd88 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
bd36ed12436ea4c94674087d6f55d0212fa13ac321dc365c92fbdc2ec3d45beb ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
d28b1fafd465b817b5b0e5b436c19146edd64ee3be73616234c110f1d617a72f ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
7aadbf7ed5c5cff36583f25f2a347cc280012786448bc7dd3ac75508b2b55aef ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
a7098b63cd23a792e1a2a2b9b8c0d03e6f3e042866fb0068e054a919465b22b6 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
0b04a1c400732879aaefcf34bcef8e6cf399564bbb597d9eacca1ec6f82f977c ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
899b7e746f823bc30e46f31595a476a131d30dd24d224369d9916e5cec931efe ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
f246959a35763c687a40392ed4e0dba56c0f1efb15b0a562d90ba0ecbfc9b4f4 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
ab7381beb0442b42756b36fcd7a27b9340851114a3cbb46bae9039bf250dfc3b ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
7bd7d7ddfb2c4d0b137c1a8aa2a65192ad09251ddb4b1858e902cbbc4d9b9e67 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
4fdaef5bdcca565866dd8055f792d88fb7069a4ef5f4b42c444d1b4fd82ba692 ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
5a764b7688d97aec29f354337d135afdd6dcf5ebd4921bf1cc8c30ea830456dd ? 0006 1/2 1.4199 2
554b9b9eeee5434bfcbc52fd93b903662d3e352442132a427fb95d97f9dbfad8 ? 0013 3/3 2.5547 2
e6094120b45c2a38e8c585b8b6b282419667880aa178ac89e814e878403c6a77 ? 0008 2/2 1.9180 2
d8b338d30ef7f59bc7ef43aee6e42a441f30541affdee688880862d23e245c4a ? 0008 2/2 1.9180 2
3bd0169798c4cf51341651e1fb284a5bcd5cd33589e07ec5d46d24b81a3b4bc3 ? 0008 2/2 1.9229 2
e382983eb7994945bc3bac50afc254b2576aa66c7b5ea8950b687c23212e816a ? 0008 2/2 1.9229 2
46ec1f80d48e4616154ce66e91254bd2c87a4dc36faf4c551cebb72c5d04cb20 ? 0008 2/2 1.9229 2
03dad80147103ee866d934ea7c68e1e03382e17eb42f4ede0a1a6b73e530d96d ? 0008 2/2 1.9229 2
f43540b8688fc8761ea421227c5df057d7ce919cd337201debc9cd41bba18b62 ? 0008 2/2 1.9277 2
3b97d1714563de8679cea7de83a0ece701503c6dcfbed2f91b031bdf67aa5bc7 ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
a0bbc99ad1669ddff716da673c6cfd20fbe13901ac57e45ebf949965f1588473 ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
ccc9a0cb2d86aedef22dba7cbf188a44b68eb7f4324dc7d6290675b4c9030ea3 ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
31d14d6d973d879ade1aa5ad6a271657868f3bd7b7b70d3b188b6436e5fc6cad ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
898d58020311f967bb7cf11e4c852fb21889c4e0fae6358800073882ca5581e8 ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
53bccf662271fd13daa7423dab59b01bd5a20132606b6a6dca242e149efbb153 ? 0006 1/2 1.4180 2
1097db28483eb5067338e97b8fec075f7287fc9bcd5445b791701baa6212cd48 ? 0020 8/2 4.9375 2
bab6493f8d6caacb79e66d973288dcbd4bf0f1ea3f06ec28b51edbb215753d55 ? 0008 2/2 1.9209 2
61814c47a6f329513d2736d0c6631a5e629f3b68d74ad9dc387165a818c19a04 ? 0008 2/2 1.9209 2
d7f3eef75643836abc241e6de906942896619d6eef4e74dbc767fefd539fcbc5 ? 0008 2/2 1.9209 2
0cc11d3be95c4876823bc1a889c120e13e3b260cc812d6b80ae8ad435455f4c9 ? 0008 2/2 1.9209 2
df3f26ad0b25c5916a3d7ebdb7d0c175ddab4f60d2e286d5db1d67c0eba16474 ? 0008 2/2 1.9258 2
98a0d5b59b0cb5509f406d65a49867c44a8bf9405615137c0d0bbb08aee2d57f ? 0008 1/3 1.5479 2
78374bd01f5d06ac56e5b9b700a2d3738c3378c67d9565ed917b2aaec4eb064b ? 0051 23/2 12.4639 2
7db75a73840432775e19630a033bae7251a894763b40f8a5f34e2d0394b1b07f ? 0041 18/2 9.9424 2
fae3aba1ae25abb978821d747301bbaf757dbf2f7648307cf96a2474fa1b862b ? 0041 18/2 9.9551 2
2015e915b6ec99e13fda2e68541abd0f7f2493e28b26e27047125335d6f348e3 ? 0053 24/2 12.9727 2
927d68911e9189cd1907dc4ee741683276facbd9d6e372c8f352274b7f90d21c ? 0008 2/2 1.9238 2
9e02fdf9943781146d00c54d7b725235f111967d955c357d68cfb46968b6a59a ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
3c6496673e28afff07d8004fdeefbe3967774c924c4cd0e74ec8129e5a8d00da ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
a43cea3a2f68cb5d121611c7a02863a7bfd7525c0cf57591684b008a66b41ef6 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
e8290376adc6a386b4313927f81601429cc938a6e63f4a29582f83c55890c7e2 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
83a5d8e6a7a492839284c8ef2891e26e6890e191fbc2da110fb0d10f244598d5 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
5c8fe846e3bbe1e72f8d5c323372f3e68c8b710867f5dd955f2268cac23673b3 ? 0008 2/2 1.9189 2
06ae61925ead1f2fbd6d49af6a8dc45d0ec40e99a79195d0d627d97f6b79a04d ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
509e726c3dc8fcf29a75d6e31fd9e9f3523be5171d4be09ba3bc397400e2a3b3 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
c9cdb681faf70aebbb67b8e6e561c88d5691db080b2b94e810032bd4b87e3af6 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
18b6e2677be0111079ed13f9d7b06cf5f66448f24a86cb2d1d36a438c066f495 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
1fb8322fe56059ed5ef9581abc869f87807cd9c49fab859eb3ae2b3f447d5e9f ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
ce7809dc53fc5f99388cd34928f9787370b19387c1a87c310e01edb185fa97a4 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
cb48f300c47f993f27dc62261bd2f7d225367ba3ea1711e2d43e297e3e6b4692 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
1a965cc327dbc6f18c9576b4467ae89f9bebd86f8c0404ca57cbd46cda30fd2b ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
702f4be39df4941db860e041e871d6361be5ae745f8fc82013f1f31f90127021 ? 0008 2/2 1.9238 2
0359a02c695ebc9e29ea649ef2f9bcd2e4880146ade67d74a877bcc8f55da7b0 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
b79ffa783312222b18fb8711e38d11b16afbdeb7e7cb81168988a6c9a3add6e8 ? 0008 2/2 1.9189 2
85c50ebdea06594a7a9c8be2f1ecf9b42719bf367b671036c29ee88e2241c78c ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
067681fdec5510bb0fac52a635f6a1d30876f81f8db95473cdb6c099987687ab ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
c267d4144a66effb8738ac390ef2d045de59f45357d74ebef2d95dfef65d24f3 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
7230b35464c653997298f4b43814800001fdfc3df3491ed581948781820c5871 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
a89480444ea0cf300bff1588b14bc183582c2a65b115803dec3774843395f96a ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
d5781cf5bd86ac9f35745b124cf463d94badd74fb825495100cd33fa31d0c3e1 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
671133ed648a2f461ce098c8dfad6f6698aed8f6d3492f7c7b56743bda8833a7 ? 0008 2/2 1.9238 2
e4b7b81ff3bf14da690b7e1e68570d95e17f8062f165f79d6748c29c97acb12d ? 0006 1/2 1.4160 2
917b329443b86e9b59a85b0f8550e785c303a9e45b2169d8a25b9ca49a0f0a9b ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
6271ac5aaa387fa2ba8a6d5f24387536269309af18d908f8b78cec4f92866e9b ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
d178fa64ea14b8668f9a0977efa39ed0b1c4450a47a50e72eeed15bdde563f37 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
5db82bf22420aab73406c51233e9b9d15bb1b4729ba65ebf0235b7c0f2f86b05 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
6dd60053af5e9091f8538617e3ea10e9a98d393385f27d26680b1ed63c7fb860 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
8438f47f0c49ecfcfade70b78a906b27b71e44c0ab0eb0165ce6de5cdc60dd41 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
3991367c2f99fdb90c4e9e5ee55cf200639f3856c26578883c21ca23c21d157a ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
7a63ed3a3db36626da4192622edf9da433a2d0b728c50c11265b44ba611b1232 ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
e8264f9e6bc0e81d2aa236870c41c352ea8bf37aca76c1f9ea4ef940bf71506c ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
6a76f4200ec66a90f33773e934ca6da669f5e61c94ffbd76da676fcde929576a ? 0006 1/2 1.4209 2
source code | explorer version (api): master-2024-03-03-26331e6 (1.2)